When a goat has a runny nose or cough, people often assume it has a respiratory infection or lungworms. But those symptoms could be caused by something as simple as dust from hay or living on a gravel road. Ammonia buildup in a barn, as well as smoke or exhaust from machinery, can also cause coughing and runny noses.
Treating respiratory issues caused by environmental factors will be a waste of time, as they will not go away until the environmental problem is corrected. This is why barns should not be insulated. In fact, we keep a door open year round unless we are in the midst of a blizzard with blowing snow.
A goat can develop a runny nose following any type of injury to the bones in the head, such as disbudding, a damaged horn, an infected tooth, or a cracked bone in the face.
Something as simple as a tight collar can cause coughing. If a goat starts to cough only when being led by the collar, the problem is not illness in the goat. Holding a collar too tightly can restrict a goat’s airflow resulting in the goat falling to its knees. This is not an uncommon sight at goat shows when someone is showing a goat that hasn’t been trained to lead or simply does not like to lead.
There are many types of pneumonia in goats, and in spite of how common it is, it can be a challenge to diagnose and treat. It can be caused by parasites, fungus, and a long list of viruses and bacteria. Treatment with antibiotics may or may not be effective, depending on what is causing the pneumonia. Sometimes pneumonia can be a symptom of a much larger problem, especially when occurring with stillbirths and abortions.
A kid with pneumonia may cough or have a runny nose, but the only symptoms in adults may be lethargy and going off feed. You may hear rattling in the lungs or base of the throat by using a stethoscope. A stethoscope is inexpensive to purchase and can be used to familiarize yourself with the sound of healthy goat lungs for comparison. Although a goat with pneumonia will usually have an elevated fever, a temperature below normal is even more of a concern because that means its body is starting to shut down and it is near death.
Inhalation pneumonia will appear in a goat after being drenched with medication that accidentally goes into the windpipe instead of down the throat. It may also happen when a goat throws up, which they do so rarely that some sources say goats don’t vomit. However, when a goat does vomit, it is usually because it has consumed something poisonous. A kid born with a cleft palate can develop pneumonia from aspirating milk.
Determining the cause of a respiratory ailment can be tricky, and if the goat has a fever of 104°F or more, is off feed, or lethargic, call the vet. If antibiotics were recommended and you have been treating a goat for 48 hours and are not seeing improvement, the antibiotic is not working. You might need a different antibiotic, or the cause of the pneumonia is a virus, which won’t respond to antibiotics. If you have seen an improvement, it is recommended that you continue treatment for at least 48 hours after symptoms have disappeared. Stopping antibiotic therapy too early contributes to the development of antibiotic-resistant bugs.
There are a number of different organisms that can cause pneumonia, and vaccines are only available for a couple of them. Even if you vaccinate for pneumonia, you still need to make sure your goats get plenty of fresh air and do as much as possible to create an environment that is not conducive to respiratory infections.
This is an excerpt from Raising Goats Naturally: The Complete Guide to Milk, Meat, and More, 2nd Revised Edition by Deborah Niemann.
Do you use antibiotics on your goats? I had to use several antibiotics to save a doe during a goat plague epidemic. The virus is incredibly strong and the secondary infections are so varied and simultaneous, it was the only way. Oxytetracycline, cipro, gentamycin and ceftriaxone. In the case that this doe needs antibiotics again, will any of these work for her again? I’m so disappointed as I wanted to raise my small herd organically.
I will definitely use antibiotics if necessary. Keep in mind that antibiotics don’t work on viruses at all — they only work on bacteria — so your goats must have had some type of bacterial infection, if the antibiotics helped them. I’m not aware of any research on antibiotic resistance in goats, so there’s nothing engraved in stone about whether or when an antibiotic will work again. We only use them when absolutely necessary, which is maybe on one or two goats per year max with most years being zero, and they have always worked for us. The more often you use them, the more likely you will have an issue with resistant infections. So if you only used them with a few goats once, then it’s probably not a big deal.
Thank you for the reply. Yes, goat plague/PPR is a virus, but most of the fatality occurs due to a large amount of secondary bacterial infections, each of which need different antibiotics. I expect that is why the antibiotics helped. I hope I never need them again.
I have a buckling that has been ill since I got him. Battling upper respiratory, bronchial pneumonia, coccidia. He still lives after to months, 3 round of antibiotics now on anti fungals. Coccidia treatment. I have done everything herbal, homeopathic, allopathic I know to do. He still eats and tries to survive. This is now over two months in. He has a little more energy and is eating better since I have been giving him cud from other goats. The cough is back. Thinking of trying cough free or even Benadryl.
How old is he, and what are you feeding him? How long did he nurse or get milk?
I have a barn full of adult goats that one minute they have a snotty nose and the next they appear fine. It has had me puzzled. They don’t act sick and temps are fine. I am getting my hay from the same guy but did just get in a new batch. Could it possibly be from that?
Dusty hay can cause a runny nose, or is you haven’t had as much rain as usual, so there is more dust in the air. If it’s coming and going like that, it sounds like something environmental that’s coming and going.
I tend to try to use herbal and alternative medicines first for myself and the creatures under our care. This includes goats, a horse, chickens, cats and a dog.
For snotty noses, if the discharge is clear, I suspect pollen allergies or dusty conditions. I wipe out nostrils and make sure hay troughs are kept cleaner. I add or increase Vitamin C.
For deep raspy coughs and colored nasal discharges (green or yellow) my first go to remedy is olive leaf extract capsules and oregano oil capsules. Both are potent antivirals and antibacterials, as well as provide immune support. I start with 1 capsule of each twice a day, but give up to 6 each twice a day depending on size of the animal and severity of the symptoms. I do continue the treatment for 5-7 days.
I use pitted dates or pitted prunes as pill pockets. Everyone thinks these are great treats.
I also have a good acupressure redlight laser that I can use on acupressure points to fight illness, promote healing & relieve muscle strains and even speed healing of broken bones.
Most of the animals I’ve used the red light on, thoroughly enjoy the process and frequently will turn or position themselves so the light has the most effect on whatever the problem is. Animals seem to instinctively know where the appropriate acupressure points are to help their condition.
I do have antibiotics in the fridge, but save those for very infrequent use. I have not noticed a reduction in effectiveness using the herbal remedies or the acupressure points.
I also have not had any of the severe illnesses in my animals the article discussed. Most of what I deal with are conditions brought on by sudden weather changes, getting wet from downpours and cold north winds.